![]() ![]() They do this by increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine while reducing the levels of another neurotransmitter called acetylcholine. How they work: These medications act by restoring the balance of certain neurotransmitters in the brain.Side effects: Headache, disturbed sleep, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, blurred vision, nervousness, restlessness, agitation, and sexual dysfunction.Examples: Lexapro ( escitalopram), Prozac ( fluoxetine), and Celexa ( citalopram).Increased serotonin levels improve mood and help relieve anxiety. How they work: They increase the brain levels of serotonin by blocking its reuptake by the nerve cells.Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.Side effects: Constipation, dry mouth, dizziness, headache, hot flushes, nausea, diarrhea, reduced libido, and erectile dysfunction.Examples: Pristiq ( desvenlafaxine), Cymbalta ( duloxetine), and Effexor ( venlafaxine).SNRIs act by blocking or reducing the reuptake of these two hormones by the nerve cells, thus increasing their activity in the brain. These hormones are types of feel-good hormones that improve mood. How they work: They increase the brain levels of the two hormones called serotonin and norepinephrine.Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) (also called selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors or SSNRIs).Side effects: Fatigue, weight gain, cold hands or feet, trouble breathing, difficulty sleeping, and disturbed blood lipid levels may trigger asthma in susceptible individuals.Examples: Inderal ( propranolol), Sectral ( acebutolol), and Zabeta ( bisoprolol).Consequently, the symptoms such as a racing heartbeat or palpitations are relieved. This results in lowering the rate and force of contraction of the heart. How they work: They block the effect of the hormone epinephrine (adrenaline).Beta-blockers (also called beta-adrenergic blockers).Side effects: Confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, unsteadiness, sleep disturbances, feeling disoriented, memory impairment, irritability, and aggression.Examples: Valium ( diazepam), Ativan ( lorazepam), and Xanax ( alprazolam).Raised GABA levels have a calming effect on nerve cells that relieve anxiety symptoms. These drugs mainly act by increasing the levels of a chemical substance in the brain and spinal cord (neurotransmitter) called gamma-aminobutyric acid or GABA. How they work: The exact mechanism of action of benzodiazepines is not well understood.Benzodiazepines (also called tranquilizers).The top 10 medications for anxiety are summarized below: Here are the top 10 medications for anxiety, which aim to treat the associated symptoms rather than cure the disorder. ![]()
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